Allergic reaction in a Guillain-Barre Syndrome patient with therapeutic plasma exchange: a case report
Main Article Content
Keywords
acute motor axonal neuropathy, Guillain-Barre Syndrome, human serum albumin, hypersensitivity reaction, therapeutic plasma exchange
Abstract
Introduction: Guillain-Barre Syndrome (GBS) is a rare autoimmune disorder affecting the peripheral nervous system, often treated with therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE). While TPE is generally well-tolerated, it may cause complications, including allergic reactions, albeit rarely. This report highlights a case of an allergic reaction in a GBS patient following TPE, emphasizing the importance of recognizing and managing such adverse events.
Case Description: A 16-year-old female was diagnosed with the acute motor axonal neuropathy (AMAN) variant of GBS and underwent two TPE sessions. The first session was completed successfully with mild pruritus. However, during the second session, the procedure was discontinued during the seventh cycle due to generalized urticaria and pruritus, suspected to be a type I hypersensitivity reaction triggered by human serum albumin (HSA) used as a plasma replacement. Laboratory and clinical evaluations supported the diagnosis.
Conclusion: This case underscores the rare occurrence of a type I hypersensitivity reaction to HSA during TPE in a GBS patient. It highlights clinicians' need to remain vigilant and prepared to manage such rare but significant adverse events.
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